Scientists Detect Trifluoroacetic Acid (TFA) in Nearly All UK Rivers
In a troubling discovery, scientists from the University of York have detected trifluoroacetic acid (TFA)—a byproduct of industrial “forever chemicals”—in almost every river sampled across the UK. Researchers analyzed 32 river sites spanning England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland, and found TFA traces in 98% of the locations. This finding has sparked concerns about the long-term health risks associated with chemical exposure through water sources.
What Is Trifluoroacetic Acid and Why Is It Dangerous?
TFA is a persistent organic pollutant formed as a byproduct from per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), commonly used in pesticides, refrigerants, and industrial applications. Often called “forever chemicals”, PFAS and their derivatives resist environmental breakdown and accumulate in ecosystems and human bodies over time.
Although TFA’s full impact on human health is still under investigation, early studies suggest serious concerns, particularly regarding reproductive health. German research indicates that TFA exposure in animals, such as rabbits and mice, can impair fetal development, leading to calls for it to be classified as a reproductive toxin.
Love Island USA Season 7 Episode 13 Recap: Huda’s Emotional Exit and Fallout With Jeremiah
German Authorities Push for Stricter Regulations on TFA
The German Federal Environment Agency (UBA) has recommended that the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) classify TFA as both toxic for reproduction and harmful to the environment. If accepted, this would lead to stricter European regulations, potentially requiring tighter controls on PFAS-containing products.
TFA Detected in Human Blood, Breast Milk, and Food Products
Beyond rivers, TFA has been identified in food, alcohol, drinking water, human blood, and breast milk. These widespread detections highlight a serious exposure risk to the general population. In Germany, TFA concentrations in drinking water have quadrupled over the last 20 years, adding urgency to global efforts to regulate and reduce its presence.
University of York Study Reveals Regional Hotspots of TFA Pollution
The study, funded by the environmental charity Fidra, examined rivers across the UK:
- Wales: 5 rivers sampled
- Northern Ireland: 3 rivers
- Scotland: 14 rivers
- North England: 10 rivers
The highest levels of TFA were recorded in the River Kelvin in Glasgow. Interestingly, River Ness was the only river that did not show any TFA contamination.
UK Water Quality Authorities Begin Investigating TFA in Drinking Water
Following the alarming findings, the Drinking Water Inspectorate (DWI) has initiated a national review to assess TFA levels in UK drinking water. Chief Inspector N. Banting emphasized the importance of tracking the environmental fate of pesticides and PFAS to safeguard water supplies.
“Information from the University of York suggests that TFA may be derived from PFAS-based pesticides. It’s crucial we understand how these chemicals move through the environment,” said Banting.
Public Health and Environmental Groups Call for Urgent Action
Alastair Boxall, Professor of Environmental Science at the University of York, voiced deep concerns, stating:
“TFA is everywhere. We’re drinking it daily—this low-level, long-term exposure is worrying. It’s found in our water, food, and even our bodies.”
Water UK, the national trade association representing water companies, echoed these concerns. A spokesperson stated that polluters—not water companies—should bear the cost of removing TFA and PFAS from the environment. They urged the government to develop a national strategy for PFAS management.
Lack of Regulation Leaves UK Vulnerable to PFAS Exposure
Despite growing evidence of harm, the UK currently has no formal regulations or limits on TFA or PFAS concentrations in the environment or drinking water. Environmental organizations and scientists are now urging the government to set strict guidelines and increase transparency from manufacturers.
The Path Forward: Research, Regulation, and Public Awareness
The detection of TFA in UK rivers is a stark reminder of the urgent need for comprehensive PFAS regulation. These chemicals, once introduced, persist in the environment for decades. With traces now found in food, water, and human tissue, the risk to public health and ecosystems is substantial.
To mitigate these dangers, it is essential for:
- Government agencies to strengthen chemical safety regulations
- Manufacturers to take responsibility for chemical discharge
- Researchers to continue exploring the long-term effects of TFA and PFAS
- The public to stay informed and advocate for cleaner water systems
Final Thoughts: Addressing the “Forever Chemical” Crisis
TFA contamination in UK rivers represents only a fraction of the broader PFAS pollution crisis. The time for passive monitoring has passed—what’s needed now is active intervention. With proper regulations, better industrial practices, and public involvement, it is possible to reduce exposure risks and protect future generations from the harmful impact of these enduring substances.